Contents Classes Subclasses Orders Suborders

Suborder (3 ) Evaginogenina Jankowski, n. subord.
Syns. Cyathomorphida,
Cyathomorphina,
Dendrocometida,
Dendrocometina,
Discophryida,
Discophryina,
Evaginogenea,
Inversogenea

Evaginative budding, with development of a single (monogemmic) larva, in a typical brood pouch but with occurrence of cytokinesis only after full emergence of the "everted" bud; no field of kinetosomes in vicinity of contractile vacuole; larvae often ellipsoidal, flattened, bearing distinctive patterns of cilia on ventral surface; adults sessile (with or without stalk), occasionally in lorica, often hemispherical and bearing tentacles either scattered singly or in fascicles at the ends of sometimes massive arms or trunks; of widespread occurrence, especially as fresh-water or marine symphorionts, with species of one endosymbiotic genus showing a strikingly aberrant life cycle.

[Named by Jankowski (1975), though totally without description, and partially characterized in an abstract by Curry & Butler (1974), the group is here credited to Jankowski, but as of the date of this book.]

With simpler characteristics of suborder s.s. (above); no arms or trunks bearing tentacles; seldom with loricae; larva, bud, or swarmer typically large; all free-living (or symphoriontic). Family DISCOPHRYIDAE Collin, 1912
Body discoidal and often small, flattened against substratum; thickened pellicle, with specialized "fringed" border around attached base of body; stalkless, aloricate; tentacles (large, conspicuously knobbed, and extensible to many times body diameter) arranged in several fascicles arising from slight protuberances of body; dendritic macronucleus; numerous contractile vacuoles; avidly carnivorous, with nonspecific prey (other ciliates); migratory form large, cylindrical, with many rows of cilia; widely found in fresh-water habitats. Family HELIOPHRYIDAE n. fam.
With the more specialized or more bizarre characteristics of suborder s.l. (above), though no species endosymbiotic. Arms or trunks bearing tentacles at their ends represent most conspicuous feature; larvae lenticular; wide distribution, with many species ectocommensals on crustaceans (e.g., on gammarids of fresh-water Lake Baikal). Family DENDROCOMETIDAE Haeckel, 1866
Ovoid, stalkless adult stage fleeting, but typically produces two ciliated buds simultaneously; these budded larvae, pyriform in shape, retain extensive ciliature, have a row of very short tentacles ("endosprits"), and persist as the dominant stage in the life cycle; endocommensals in digestive tract of domestic and wild guinea pigs. Family CYATHODINIIDAE da Cunha, 1914